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Forced sterilisation of persons with disabilities in Portugal

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People with disabilities, regardless of type of disability or age, have the right to decide about their own body

The vast majority of the public in Europe has largely been unaware of a disturbing medical practice that is applied in some European Union countries that otherwise enjoy reputations as developed democracies with strict human rights protections.

This practice involves legally regulated forced sterilisation of persons with disabilities, and it mostly concerns individuals with intellectual disabilities who are placed under the care of legal guardians.

A recent decision by the Portuguese government has provoked strong reactions from non‑governmental organisations: the government only recently (mid‑December) submitted a draft law to parliament to end forced sterilisation, a law for which it is still unknown whether or when it will be adopted and come into force.

As a result, the European Disability Forum (EDF) released a statement calling for the criminalisation of forced sterilisation of persons with disabilities throughout Europe. This demand, of course, does not concern only Portugal but also all countries that conduct this practice away from public scrutiny.

– All European countries, including Portugal, have a legal and moral obligation to ban forced sterilisation of persons with disabilities – the EDF declared.

The EDF emphasises that persons with disabilities, regardless of the type of disability or age, have the right to make decisions about their own bodies and opposes any law that would transfer decision‑making power from persons with disabilities to their legal guardians.

In this context, the EDF suggests establishing protective measures for people at risk of forced sterilisation, such as requiring a court order, comprehensive medical reports, and monitoring systems to enforce a law that criminalises this practice. However, the EDF notes that even such measures may not be sufficient to stop forced sterilisation.

According to the EDF, a complete ban on forced sterilisation is required by both the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence—both of which Portugal has ratified. Thus, it is necessary for the Portuguese parliament to adopt a law that criminalises forced sterilisation while supporting the rights of persons with disabilities to make decisions about their own bodies.

Any law passed must ensure free and informed consent, including reasonable accommodations, and must fully align with international human rights standards. The law should remove the right of legal guardians or anyone else to decide on sterilisation, and instead guarantee full respect for the rights of persons with disabilities – especially women and girls – to live with dignity, autonomy, and equality.

The article notes that Spain and Malta have recently adopted strict bans on forced sterilisation, and the EDF hopes that other EU member states will follow suit and push this practice into the place where it belongs – on the pillar of shame.

Portugal must place the human rights of women and girls with disabilities at the forefront of this law and join the list of others that have adopted it recently.

Disability digest

ENERGY POVERTY Supporting People With Disabilities

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People with disabilities often have significantly greater electricity needs than other citizens across the European Union

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Energy poverty is affecting a growing number of households across the European Union, and recent research shows that it has a disproportionate impact on people with disabilities. The reasons for this disparity are numerous and extend well beyond financial hardship alone.

People with disabilities generally have higher electricity needs because many rely on medical equipment and assistive devices. They also tend to consume more energy for heating and cooling their homes, particularly people with physical disabilities whose health and well-being often depend on maintaining stable indoor temperatures.

To help address the growing problem of energy poverty, the European Network on Independent Living (ENIL), together with partners in the ASSERT project, has launched an online learning platform for professionals working with households affected by energy poverty.

The ASSERT platform has been developed primarily for organisations representing people with disabilities, social workers, energy advisers, healthcare professionals and other specialists who need additional knowledge and practical skills to tackle energy poverty more effectively.

In addition to professional training, the platform provides people with disabilities with practical advice and guidance on avoiding energy poverty, managing household energy costs and making more efficient use of energy systems.

More information is available on the ASSERT website at assert.aisforacademy.eu. Registration is free and open to organisations and professionals interested in strengthening the capacity of people with disabilities to respond more effectively to energy poverty.

ASSERT is a relatively new European project funded through the LIFE Programme. Over the past year and a half, it has been working to ensure that people with disabilities are not left behind in Europe’s transition to clean energy. The project currently operates in five European Union member states—Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy and Spain—and brings together experts from a wide range of fields, including disability rights and energy efficiency.

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Disability digest

Sephora ‘Quiet Hours’ Make Shopping More Accessible

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Global beauty retailer Sephora has introduced a ‘Quiet Hours’ programme across its stores worldwide, aiming to create a more comfortable and accessible shopping experience for neurodivergent people and anyone who prefers a calmer retail environment

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The initiative is the first global programme of its kind in the beauty retail sector. During designated Quiet Hours, stores will lower the volume of in-store music, adjust digital displays to reduce visual stimulation and, where possible, minimise the presence of strong fragrances. At selected locations, customers will also have access to additional options, such as mobile checkout, making the shopping experience simpler and less stressful.

The programme was developed in partnership with Open Inclusion and Purposeful Futures, with direct input from neurodivergent customers and employees whose experiences helped shape the initiative.

Before its global rollout, Sephora tested the programme in 32 stores across eight markets. The pilot project found that the majority of neurodivergent customers believed Quiet Hours significantly improved their shopping experience. In addition, 90% of all surveyed customers said the initiative made stores more inclusive and welcoming for everyone.

Experts involved in developing the programme note that people with autism, ADHD and other sensory issues often find shopping centres highly challenging environments because of loud music, bright lighting, strong fragrances and large crowds. Even relatively small adjustments, they say, can substantially reduce sensory overload and make shopping a more comfortable and independent experience.

The initiative has also received positive feedback from employees, who report that the calmer environment enables better communication with customers and reduces stress throughout the working day.

By introducing Quiet Hours, Sephora joins a growing number of major retailers offering sensory-friendly shopping periods. Similar initiatives have been adopted in recent years by supermarkets, department stores and cinemas, reflecting a broader understanding that accessibility is not only about removing physical barriers but also about creating environments where people with sensory sensitivities can feel safe, comfortable and included.

Sephora says Quiet Hours represent just one step towards creating a more inclusive shopping experience and has pledged to continue working with the neurodivergent community to develop solutions that meet the needs of an even wider range of customers.

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Disability digest

Manifesto on the Rights of Young People With Disabilities

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Without young people with disabilities in newsrooms, government ministries and national parliaments, the slogan “Nothing About Us Without Us” remains just that—a slogan, a decorative phrase displayed on banners at disability rights marches.

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Consider for yourself to what extent young people with disabilities in the European Union truly enjoy their rights, and whether those rights are fully realised or remain largely declarative—a polished façade of the welfare state with deep cracks beneath the surface.

One answer to these questions can be found in a survey conducted last year by the Youth Committee of the European Disability Forum (EDF). The survey gathered responses from 183 young people with disabilities across all EU member states. Its findings were published in the EDF manifesto on the everyday lives of young people with disabilities, entitled The Right to Shape Our Future.

The survey results should serve as a wake-up call for decision-makers across the European Union. Respondents expressed dissatisfaction with every major aspect of social life. Overall, young people with disabilities said they do not enjoy the right to live in a fair and accessible society. They also reported that their opportunities to shape their own futures and participate in decisions affecting their lives are significantly restricted.

When it comes to influencing society, respondents said that the media either ignore their lives and rights altogether or portray them through stereotypes. Even when useful information is available, it is often presented in formats that remain inaccessible to people with disabilities.

Without young people with disabilities working in media organisations, government ministries and national parliaments, the slogan “Nothing About Us Without Us” risks remaining exactly that—a slogan, a symbolic message carried on banners rather than reflected in public policy and everyday decision-making.

Young respondents were equally critical when asked about accessibility, which the manifesto describes as little more than “a decent proposal” rather than a lived reality.

“People with disabilities face a ‘disability tax’—they pay more for housing, transport and healthcare while navigating a world that was not designed with them in mind. From inaccessible bus stops to cafés that cannot be entered, the built environment continues to undermine independence. True equality requires infrastructure that anticipates diversity rather than treating it as an afterthought,” the manifesto states.

For many young people with disabilities, the right to shape their own future is further limited by segregated education systems that prevent them from reaching their full potential. This, the manifesto argues, contributes to a “poverty trap.”

By the time they complete their education, many are not adequately prepared to compete in the labour market, while the jobs they do obtain often provide only enough income to meet their basic needs.

At the same time, earning an income can result in the loss of essential social support, effectively penalising ambition and trapping many young people with disabilities in poverty, the EDF manifesto concludes.

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